EISSN: 2980-0749
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2009, Cilt 7, Sayı 1, Sayfa(lar) 031-036
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Mental and Neurological Disorders Related to Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Deficiencies
Selen Şen, Gülgün Durat, Işık Atasoy
Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sağlık Yüksekokulu, Sakarya
Keywords: Vitamin B12, folic acid, homocysteine, mental disorder, neurological disorder

The vitamin B12 and folic acid are water soluble vitamins the metabolisms of which are connected to each other and which are necessary for various metabolic paths in the central nervous system. These vitamins are used as cofactors in the conversion of the homocysteine, the high concentrations of which are toxic to the neurons, disturbs the neuronal plasticity and promotes the neural degeneration, into methionine; in the synthesis of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin and neuropinephrine; in the synthesis of SAM (S-Adenosyl Methionine) which functions in the methylation of the phospholipids in the neural membranes; and in the synthesis of Succinyl Co A from methyl malonic acid. There are a number of studies suggesting that the deficiencies of the vitamin B12 and folic acid, and the high serum homocysteine levels heightened by the deficiencies of these two vitamins contribute to the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders such as dementia, bipolar disorder, paranoid psychosis, depressive diseases, affect disorders, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, and various neurological diseases such as subacute combined degeneration, ataxia, spasticity, myelopathy and neuropathy. This collected article was prepared by using the existing studies regarding the theories explaining how the psychiatric and neurological disorders resulting from the B12 and folic acid deficiencies emerge.

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