Aim: We aimed to reveal the potential roles of periostin, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in inflammation, hypoxia, and tissue damage in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to investigate whether they are useful potential markers in the follow-up and evaluation of disease severity.

Materials and Methods: Serum levels of periostin, HIF-1α, and PLA2 were measured in 32 patients with COVID-19 on days 1, 3, and 7 of hospitalisation. Additionally, samples from 30 healthy individuals were analysed for comparison.

Results: When biomarker levels of the patient and control groups were compared, a statistically significant difference was observed only in periostin levels (p = 0.023). Periostin levels were statistically significantly higher on days 3 and 7 compared with the first day of hospitalisation in patients with COVID-19 (p = 0.018 and p = 0.021, respectively).

Conclusion: Our study showed that periostin protein is an important biomarker in COVID-19. To the best of our knowledge, our study is one of the first to include the simultaneous analysis of periostin, HIF-1α, and PLA2 in patients with COVID-19. We believe that our study, which provides comprehensive data, is important for the evaluation of the course and severity of COVID-19 infection.